Rent vs income by country: what remains after rent?

Housing affordability across eight countries in the 2026 tax model, with the rent assumptions explained.

The big picture

Illustrative housing scenarios — not a reliable country ranking

Low rent alone does not make a place affordable. What matters is its relationship to income after tax and employee contributions. Here, each country's local median gross salary is paired with one disclosed rent profile, using the 2026 tax model.

The rents describe different dwellings, locations, market segments and source periods. A Berlin asking rent modelled for 75 m² is not directly comparable with a Swiss two-room stock rent. The table illustrates the consequences of these assumptions; it does not establish which country is generally cheapest.

Under these assumptions, Germany leaves €1,759 a month after rent and Switzerland €4,833. The respective rent shares are 38.5 % and 20.7 %. That is a difference between these income and housing scenarios, not evidence that finding an affordable Swiss home is proportionately easier.

Countries
8
Comparison basis
Rent/net
Approach
Illustrative scenarios
No country ranking

Rent-to-income comparison

Rent basis

Switches all eight countries between their stored national and urban rent values. Values without matching source evidence are marked as model assumptions, not verified medians. Sourced values also use different means, medians and rent definitions. Salary basis and taxes stay unchanged.

Displayed in EUR. The ratio is rent ÷ calculated net pay, not an official housing-cost indicator. Countries appear in a fixed order without ranks. The remainder still has to cover other living costs.
CountryRent definition and source periodMedian gross/yearTax + employee contributions/monthNet/monthRent/monthRent/net0–100 %After rent/month
Germany

Editorial rent assumption, not a verified national rent statistic. Dwelling type, geographic coverage and included utilities are not established on a comparable basis.

Model assumption, no statistical reference period

National model assumption

€54,066€1,647€2,859€1,10038.5 %€1,759
Austria

Editorial rent assumption, not a verified national rent statistic. Dwelling type, geographic coverage and included utilities are not established on a comparable basis.

Model assumption, no statistical reference period

National model assumption

€55,678€1,391€3,248€1,15035.4 %€2,098
Switzerland

Switzerland: average net rent for a two-room dwelling in occupied rental housing outside the non-profit sector. Ancillary and heating costs excluded; not a new-tenancy asking rent.

2022

€91,977€1,572€6,092€1,25920.7 %€4,833
USA

Editorial rent assumption, not a verified national rent statistic. Dwelling type, geographic coverage and included utilities are not established on a comparable basis.

Model assumption, no statistical reference period

National model assumption

€55,935€999€3,662€1,42939.0 %€2,233
United Kingdom

Editorial rent assumption, not a verified national rent statistic. Dwelling type, geographic coverage and included utilities are not established on a comparable basis.

Model assumption, no statistical reference period

National model assumption

€46,793€871€3,028€1,79859.4 %€1,230
Ireland

Editorial rent assumption, not a verified national rent statistic. Dwelling type, geographic coverage and included utilities are not established on a comparable basis.

Model assumption, no statistical reference period

National model assumption

€38,006€490€2,677€2,00074.7 %€677
Canada

Editorial rent assumption, not a verified national rent statistic. Dwelling type, geographic coverage and included utilities are not established on a comparable basis.

Model assumption, no statistical reference period

National model assumption

€43,484€858€2,766€88732.1 %€1,879
Australia

Australia: national median advertised rent across a mix of houses and apartments. Size and bedroom count are not standardized; utilities excluded.

December 2025

€55,760€1,014€3,633€1,81850.0 %€1,815

What the numbers actually tell us

Germany and Austria: similar model size, different rent definitions

Match location and included costs

With the selected rent inputs, Germany uses 38.5 % of calculated net pay and Austria 35.4 %. Monthly income after rent is €1,759 and €2,098, respectively.

The Berlin and Vienna source examples in the following paragraph explain the different rent definitions. Their location and dwelling size must not be attributed to unsourced model values in the table; the Vienna source value is not Austria's urban model assumption.

Both cases model 75 m², but Berlin uses a cold-rent measure across dwelling sizes, while Vienna uses an asking-rent observation from Leopoldstadt including operating costs and VAT. The difference is therefore not simply a Germany-versus-Austria effect or a consequence of tax alone. Location, size and included charges need to match first.

Find rental apartments in Germany → ImmoScout24

Switzerland: stock rent is not an arrival price

Existing contracts do not establish today's asking rent

The Swiss calculation shows a 20.7 % rent share and €4,833 a month left after rent.

This pairs a national salary median with a two-room stock rent from 2022. That is a different housing scenario from a Berlin 75-m² asking rent. Existing contracts say little about the home a newcomer can actually secure today. Health insurance paid outside payroll and other living costs must also come out of the remainder.

Find rental apartments in Switzerland → Comparis

Illustrative cases: Ireland, UK, USA and Canada

Rent assumptions shape the ratio

With the chosen rent assumptions, Ireland leaves €677 and the UK €1,230 per month; their rent shares are 74.7 % and 59.4 %.

Rent inputs for these four countries are editorial assumptions. A high ratio means that the assumed home consumes a large share of modelled median net pay. It establishes neither a typical national burden nor a measured international rank. An actual rental offer can materially change the result.

Interested in buying a house in Ireland? Get data-driven insights for your property of interest → Lochta

Australia: an advertised median across a dwelling mix

The dwelling mix matters

A national advertised-rent median is closer to listed rents than a stock measure. It still covers a different mix of houses, apartments and sizes from a fixed 75-m² model. Its ratio remains an illustrative calculation rather than a comparison of the same housing standard across eight countries.

Why rent-to-income ratios can mislead

Net pay versus gross pay
The ratio uses calculated salary net. Salary medians have different statistical coverage and 2024–2025 source periods. Ireland's series covers employments active in October without an hours-worked split; the eight inputs are not a uniform full-time median series.
City, country and dwelling size
A national salary median is not a city salary. Different geographies and property sizes can create an apparent affordability gap without comparing equivalent homes.
Existing versus new tenancies
Stock rents can reflect older contracts. Asking rents are listed prices, not guaranteed availability or necessarily the final agreed rent.
After rent is not disposable spending money
Food, transport, external health insurance, childcare and other costs remain unpaid. Operating charges or heating may be additional, depending on the rent definition. Exchange rates also affect the EUR display; it is not purchasing-power adjusted.

Compare your own situation

For a move, start with your actual salary offer, personal tax profile and the cost of a home you can secure. Check which charges are included and add health insurance and the rest of your monthly spending. Those inputs provide the common basis for a personal budget decision.

Compare your own salary and housing costs →

Sources and methodology

Model: single person, age 35, no children, country-default tax region, tax year 2026. Local median gross salaries use the disclosed source periods. Annual figures are divided by twelve for the monthly display. Rent is subtracted from calculated net pay; rents are not inflated to a new year and other living costs are not deducted here. The source definition beside each row remains essential.

Sources and result scope
Berlin and Vienna source examples — separate inputs
  • Kiel Institut für Weltwirtschaft auf Basis der VALUE Marktdatenbank (2026-Q1)

    Berlin: Mean asking cold rent per m² across apartment sizes; 75 m² is a modelled scenario, not an observed mean for 75 m² apartments. Berlin city value, not a national average. Operating costs and heating excluded.

  • DER STANDARD / immopreise.at (2026-08)

    Vienna, district 2 Leopoldstadt: Mean asking rent for 51–80 m² apartments, modelled at 75 m². Leopoldstadt district example, not a citywide or national average. Operating costs and VAT included. Heating, electricity and internet are not confirmed as included.

Why is this not a reliable country ranking?

Dwelling size, geography, stock or asking rents, included costs and reference periods differ. The calculated ratios illustrate these housing scenarios rather than a uniformly measured national housing burden.

Are urban and national rent benchmarks directly comparable?

Only when geography, dwelling size, reference period and coverage match. This page uses the disclosed default profile for each country. City examples and model assumptions are not national averages.

What does housing burden mean on this page?

The ratio is assumed annual rent divided by calculated annual net pay. It applies to the housing scenario shown, not an officially measured national housing burden. Other living costs are not included.

How much of net income goes to rent?

Housing

Annual net pay, selected rent and income after rent for the illustrated housing scenarios. Uses the same rent basis as the table.

Single household · Annual values · Local median gross salaries · National rent inputs

Germany

Median gross: €54,066

Housing burden: 38.5%

Austria

Median gross: €55,678

Housing burden: 35.4%

Switzerland

Median gross: €91,977

Housing burden: 20.7%

USA

Median gross: €55,935

Housing burden: 39.0%

United Kingdom

Median gross: €46,793

Housing burden: 59.4%

Ireland

Median gross: €38,006

Housing burden: 74.7%

Canada

Median gross: €43,484

Housing burden: 32.1%

Australia

Median gross: €55,760

Housing burden: 50.0%

Illustrative scenarios, not a country ranking. Rent definitions and model assumptions differ; other living costs remain unpaid.

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